Camouflage is the usage of any type of combination of materials, pigmentation or illumination for camouflage, either by making animals or items hard to see (crypsis), or by disguising them as another thing (mimesis). Instances include the leopard's spotted coat, the battledress of a modern soldier, and the leaf-mimic katydid's wings. A third method, movement dazzle, perplexes the observer with a noticeable pattern, making the things noticeable but for a short while more challenging to situate. Most camouflage techniques go for crypsis, often via a general similarity to the background, high comparison disruptive coloration, removing shadow, and countershading. Outdoors ocean, where there is no background, the primary approaches of camouflage are openness, silvering, and countershading, while the ability to produce light is to name a few points made use of for counter-illumination on the undersides of cephalopods such as squid. Some animals, such as octopuses and chameleons, can actively transforming their skin pattern and colours, whether for camouflage or for signalling.
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